Spelling Rules and Tricks
Y Enders


1. Rule: When a word ends in -y, change the y to i before adding the suffixes -s, -ed, -ly, -ness, or -age.

city cities


marry marries married marriage
empty emptied emptiness
easy

easily
greedy
greediness
greedily
happy
happiness
happily
busy
business
busily
lonely
loneliness
satisfactory

satisfactorily
temporary

temporarily


2. Rule: Keep the y when adding -ing, to avoid having two i’s in a row.  (Note: ski - skiing never had a Y.)

marry marrying
try trying


3. Rule: If the final y has a vowel (aeiou) before it, keep the y.

say says saying (BUT said!)
stay stays staying stayed
toy toys toying toyed

 


4. Exceptions:

shy shyly shied
sly slyly


 

Memory Trick:

The kitten peeked shyly as she hurried yet looked yearningly at the food.



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