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Al-Khwarizmi, Mathematician

Father of the Algorithm

The what?  An algorithm is the step-by-step math procedure for working a problem.  You can see the division algorithm on the right.  In fact, it's named after Al-Khwarizmi.  Even our numbers were introduced by Al-Khwarizmi. He adopted and popularized the Hindi number system, which was based on decimals (tens) and introduced the number zero.  Try doing this with Roman numerals!

Father of Algebra

Algebra comes from the Arabic word al-jabr, meaning "putting together missing parts."  Letters are used to represent variable numbers.  Al-Khwarizmi drew on the earlier work of Hindi and Greek mathematicians for his book on algebra.